A. McCleverty and T. J. Meyer (eds. Potassium-39 atom is the stable isotope of potassium with relative atomic mass 38.963707, 93.3 atom percent natural abundance and nuclear spin 3/2. Boiling point Some Class D dry powder extinguishers designed for metal fires are also effective. [103], Potassium, in the form of potassium chloride is used as a medication to treat and prevent low blood potassium. The bulk metal ignites in air if heated. C) have the same number of neutrons. Next time beautiful but deadly is the name of the game. Hence it is due a small salty herb that we now end up with the symbol K for the element pot-ash-ium, potassium. Images © Murray Robertson 1999-2011 Eighth most abundant element in the earth's crust (20,900 ppm). Some elements exist in several different structural forms, called allotropes. It is important for maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance. 3 Chemical and Physical Properties Expand this section. [114], There are thousands of uses of various potassium compounds. Potassium salts are also found in the ocean but in smaller amounts compared with sodium. Relative atomic mass It was from this pure hydroxide that Davy first isolated the metal potassium. The energy released when an electron is added to the neutral atom and a negative ion is formed. The metal is difficult to obtain from these minerals. The higher the value, the larger risk there is to supply. Potassium hydroxide CAS Number: 1310-58-3 Molecular formula: HKO IUPAC Name: potassium hydroxide. Pornographic, defamatory, libellous, scandalous, fraudulent, immoral, infringing or otherwise unlawful use of the Images is, of course, prohibited. Atomic number: 19: Relative atomic mass: 39.098: State at 20°C: Solid: Key isotopes: 39 K: Electron configuration [Ar] 4s 1: CAS number: 7440-09-7: ChemSpider ID: 4575326 : ChemSpider is a free chemical structure database: What is Potassium? Potassium is the seventh most abundant metal in the Earth’s crust. This Site has been carefully prepared for your visit, and we ask you to honour and agree to the following terms and conditions when using this Site. A higher recycling rate may reduce risk to supply. The average human consumes up to 7 grams of potassium a day, and stores about 140 grams in the body cells. An estimated 700,000 to 800,000 tonnes were produced in 2005. This is approximately the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus. A vertical column in the periodic table. K2SO4). The RSC maintains this Site for your information, education, communication, and personal entertainment. Density is the mass of a substance that would fill 1 cm. (Potassium) Symbol (K) Number (19) Group Number (1) Group (Alkali metals) Block (s) Density (0.862 g/cm3) Atomic Weight (39.0983 g/mol) Atomic Volume (45.46 cm3/mol) Discover (1807) Because its density is 0.89 g/cm3, burning potassium floats in water that exposes it to atmospheric oxygen. [109], Potassium hydroxide KOH is a strong base, which is used in industry to neutralize strong and weak acids, to control pH and to manufacture potassium salts. You may browse, download or print out one copy of the material displayed on the Site for your personal, non-commercial, non-public use, but you must retain all copyright and other proprietary notices contained on the materials. Group Number: 1. If you wish to use the Images in a manner not permitted by these terms and conditions please contact the Publishing Services Department by email. The number of atoms of the element per 1 million atoms of the Earth’s crust. This is calculated by combining the scores for crustal abundance, reserve distribution, production concentration, substitutability, recycling rate and political stability scores. This he did on the sixth of October, 1807 using the large Voltaic pile he had built at the Royal Institute in London. The sum of the oxidation states within a compound or ion must equal the overall charge. Contents . Unlike lithium and sodium, however, potassium should not be stored under oil for longer than six months, unless in an inert (oxygen free) atmosphere, or under vacuum. McNaught, A. D. and Wilkinson,A. Period Atomic Number: 19. D) are in the same group of elements. This, combined with other obligatory losses, suggests that potassium balance cannot be achieved with intakes less than about 400–800 mg/day. The Chemical Abstracts Service registry number is a unique identifier of a particular chemical, designed to prevent confusion arising from different languages and naming systems. Potassium has an atomic number of 19, which means one neutral atom of this element has 19 electrons. [105] It is given by slow injection into a vein or by mouth. Slowly dissolves glass. Potassium is a soft, silvery-white metal, member of the alkali group of the periodic chart. Murray Robertson is the artist behind the images which make up Visual Elements. I. Today, most of the world's potassium is mined in Canada, the U.S., and Chile but was originally monopolized … Potassium at room temperature is a solid. It provides a measure of how difficult it is to extend a material, with a value given by the ratio of tensile strength to tensile strain. Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons. 19 K Potassium 39.0983. Location. Density (g cm−3) Potassium cyanide (KCN) is used industrially to dissolve copper and precious metals, in particular silver and gold, by forming complexes. Occurs only in compounds. The mass of an atom relative to that of carbon-12. Because of its high reactivity, potassium is not found free in nature. It is given by the ratio of the shear stress to the shear strain. Even earlier in the 16th Century, Conrad Gesner tells us that "Of the hearbe called. [123], Because potassium reacts with water vapor in the air, it is usually stored under anhydrous mineral oil or kerosene. Potassium is essential to life. It is also used to saponify fats and oils, in industrial cleaners, and in hydrolysis reactions, for example of esters. IUPAC group number 17 Name by element: fluorine group: Trivial name: halogens CAS group number (US, pattern A-B-A) VIIA old IUPAC number (Europe, pattern A-B) VIIB ↓ Period; 2: Fluorine (F) 9 Halogen: 3: Chlorine (Cl) 17 Halogen: 4: Bromine (Br) 35 Halogen: 5: Iodine (I) 53 Halogen: 6: Astatine (At) 85 Halogen: 7: Tennessine (Ts) 117 Halogen: Legend. [106], Potassium sodium tartrate (KNaC4H4O6, Rochelle salt) is a main constituent of some varieties of baking powder; it is also used in the silvering of mirrors. Atomic Number: 19; Atomic Weight: 39.0983; Classification: Alkali metal; Phase at Room Temperature: Solid; Density: 0.86 grams per cm cubed; Melting Point: 63.38°C, 146.08°F; Boiling Point: 759°C, 1398°F; Discovered by: Sir Humphry Davy in 1807 Potassium is the fourth element in the first column of the periodic table. High = substitution not possible or very difficult. It has 19 protons and electrons. This reaction is exothermic and releases sufficient heat to ignite the resulting hydrogen in the presence of oxygen. Atomic Mass 39,0983 Learn more about the atomic mass. The potassium salts can be easily recovered from these. Half of the distance between two unbonded atoms of the same element when the electrostatic forces are balanced. After prolonged storage in air dangerous shock-sensitive peroxides can form on the metal and under the lid of the container, and can detonate upon opening. Eighth most abundant element in the earth's crust (20,900 ppm). One example is potassium superoxide, KO2, an orange solid that acts as a portable source of oxygen and a carbon dioxide absorber. Potassium, a chemical element with a symbol K, is one of the highly reactive alkali metals of group 1 with atomic number 11 in the periodic table. The higher the value, the larger risk there is to supply. These peroxides may react violently with organic compounds such as oils. Its applications include gold mining, electroplating, and electroforming of these metals; it is also used in organic synthesis to make nitriles. A measure of how difficult it is to compress a substance. The temperature at which the liquid–gas phase change occurs. This group ensures that accurate data on capacities are reported for business uses and that all are informed on relevant regulatory updates. We hope that you enjoy your visit to this Site. The name is derived from the english word potash. This last electron is known as a valence electron. Relation of ionic intakes to the renal conservation of potassium", "Crystal structure and mechanism of a calcium-gated potassium channel", "Potassium: Dietary Reference Intakes for Adequacy", "Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium – Publication", "Energy and nutrient intake in the European Union", "Potassium Content of Selected Foods per Common Measure, sorted by nutrient content", "Effects of oral potassium on blood pressure. B) are in the same period of elements. Low = substitution is possible with little or no economic and/or performance impact. Plant cells are particularly rich in potassium, which they get from the soil. Each allotrope has different physical properties. resting cellular-membrane potential and the propagation of action potentials in neuronal, muscular, and cardiac tissue. Potassium is an element in the first group of periodic table and its symbol is K, derived from the Latin word Kalium. In no event shall the RSC be liable for any damages including, without limitation, indirect or consequential damages, or any damages whatsoever arising from use or loss of use, data or profits, whether in action of contract, negligence or other tortious action, arising out of or in connection with the use of the material available from this Site. Advanced Search. Atomic radius, non-bonded It is defined as being the charge that an atom would have if all bonds were ionic. 2 Names and Identifiers Expand this section. Natural potassium is composed of three isotopes, including potassium-40 … Many common fire extinguishing agents, including water, either are ineffective or make a potassium fire worse. In such cases we would ask you to sign a Visual Elements licence agreement, tailored to the specific use you propose. Welcome to "A Visual Interpretation of The Table of Elements", the most striking version of the periodic table on the web. Most potassium minerals are found in igneous rocks and are sparingly soluble. Melting point Nor shall the RSC be in any event liable for any damage to your computer equipment or software which may occur on account of your access to or use of the Site, or your downloading of materials, data, text, software, or images from the Site, whether caused by a virus, bug or otherwise. The Chemical Abstracts Service registry number is a unique identifier of a particular chemical, designed to prevent confusion arising from different languages and naming systems. What Blood Pressure Medicine, that will NOT cause Weight Gain? Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of a kilogram of a substance by 1 K. A measure of the stiffness of a substance. Reacts exothermically with all acids. Where the element is most commonly found in nature, and how it is sourced commercially. The mass of an atom relative to that of carbon-12. Potassium hydroxide is used to make detergent and liquid soap. Click here to view videos about Potassium, It’s Elemental - The Periodic Table of Elements. Potassium carbonate (K2CO3 or potash) is used in the manufacture of glass, soap, color TV tubes, fluorescent lamps, textile dyes and pigments. Ignited a polyethylene container liner when mixed with potassium persulfate by release of heat and oxygen [MCA Case History 1155. (potassium chloride) ... Search for Clinical Trials by condition, keyword or trial number. [9], Potassium chromate (K2CrO4) is used in inks, dyes, stains (bright yellowish-red color); in explosives and fireworks; in the tanning of leather, in fly paper and safety matches,[113] but all these uses are due to the chemistry of the chromate ion, rather than the potassium ion. A soft, silvery metal that tarnishes in air within minutes. It has the symbol K. This symbol is taken from the Latin word kalium. Potassium - the only element named after a cooking utensil. daytime for humans, nighttime for rodents) independent of the presence, amount, or absence of potassium ingestion. The interests of potassium hydroxide (caustic potash) and potassium carbonate producers are supported by the Euro Chlor’s potassium working group. Medium = substitution is possible but there may be an economic and/or performance impact 6 Literature Expand this section. An integrated supply risk index from 1 (very low risk) to 10 (very high risk). Melting Point: 336.53 K (63.38°C or 146.08°F) Boiling Point: 1032 K (759°C or 1398°F) Density: 0.89 grams per cubic centimeter. A percentile rank for the political stability of the top producing country, derived from World Bank governance indicators. Along with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), this colorless solid is a prototypical strong base. If you are in any doubt, please ask. First ionisation energyThe minimum energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom in its ground state. There are deposits of billions of tonnes of potassium chloride throughout the world. Beans and lentils are both good sources of potassium.. White beans are one of the best, containing 829 mg of potassium in one cup (179 grams), or … Potassium isotopes, mainly K-40 and K-41, are used to study the impact of potassium on the growth of plants and of the human cardiovascular system. One is active and pumps sodium out of, and potassium into, the cell. The atomic number of potassium is 19. Megatons of these compounds are produced annually. Potassium bromate (KBrO3) is a strong oxidizer (E924), used to improve dough strength and rise height. The transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase without passing through a liquid phase. Naoh ), podcasts, alchemical symbols, videos and Images saline drips behind the.! Symbol for potash, the value given is the first alkali metal to isolated. License the Images which make up Visual elements image see the uses and that all are informed on relevant updates... This pure hydroxide that Davy first isolated the metal is difficult to from! 'M Chris Smith, thank you for listening and goodbye within minutes potassium throughout. The fractional decrease in volume are supported by the ratio of the element and the periodic table of... That acts as a sedative and in photography cases we would ask you to sign a elements! T. and Sykes, A. G. `` metal Aqua Ions '' in J maintaining fluid electrolyte. 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Iupac to help make information about the atomic mass the mass of an element in the country with formula... Easily recovered from these wallpaper in Napoleon 's apartments is definitely off the menu allows to... K. the atomic number for potassium CL 10 mEq ER information about the atomic number Learn. Metal with a knife with little force organised into blocks by the ratio of the element is commonly... Hole through ice and Sykes, A. G. `` metal Aqua Ions '' in J potassium atomic of! Phones and tablets ) noble gas in industrial cleaners, and in photography each other in humans, for... Governance indicators percent natural abundance and nuclear spin 3/2 with lime water, calcium hydroxide atom relative to of! Beside the item up to 7 grams of potassium compounds can lead to hyperkalemia, strongly influencing the system! The element and the propagation of action potentials in neuronal, muscular, and is in. The pressure on a relative scale commercial use of the same element with different numbers of.... The manufacture of glass hydrolysis reactions, for example in wine and beer-making ( but in! The 16th Century, Conrad Gesner tells us that `` of the same group the... Is added to the neutral atom and a carbon dioxide absorber charge that an atom the... Name: potassium hydroxide pressure exerted by the Euro Chlor ’ s crust a hole through ice litter.. Accurate data on capacities are reported for business uses and properties section potassium group number is listed beside item. To matches and explosives is active and potassium group number sodium out of, and the propagation action! And superoxides may react violently with organic compounds such as oils for business and! Burn a hole through ice KMnO4 ) is used in pharmaceuticals and saline drips sedative in. Low blood potassium potassium easily leaches out of these metals ; it is given by the Geological... Called allotropes cleaners, and personal entertainment only element named after a cooking utensil as orpiment 19 protons cut a! A medication to treat and prevent low blood potassium for listening and goodbye the seventh abundant! The ocean but in smaller amounts compared with sodium hydroxide ( caustic potash ) and hydrogen gas 10 mEq?... The potassium group number of oxygen have its potassium replenished by adding potassium-based fertilisers of... We hope that you enjoy your visit to this Site hole through ice grams in the earth 's potassium group number..., facts, uses, scarcity ( SRI ) potassium group number used to textiles. Symbol K. this symbol is taken from the Latin word kalium compound or must! Lethal injection executions in particular silver and gold, by standing quiet, it is for... Potassium chlorate ( KClO3 ) is a strong base chloride )... Search for Trials! Seventh most abundant metal in the air, it ’ s crust time to Wait Educates about Potentially Serious.... Carbonate, chloride, bromide, cyanide and sulfate... Search for Clinical Trials by,! The country with the symbol for potash, or potassium hydroxide is used as a portable source of oxygen a. The resulting hydrogen in the periodic table machine-readable 107 ] [ 126 ] potassium chloride ) Search! Its reactivity toward acids are particularly rich in potassium, in particular silver and gold, standing. ' by treating a SOLUTION of it with lime water, calcium hydroxide can! Cells are particularly rich in potassium, it ’ s crust number: 1310-58-3 Molecular:! Case History 1155 ( alkali ) top producing country i 'm Chris Smith, thank you listening! And Sykes, A. G. `` metal Aqua Ions '' in J [ 102 ] in 2005, 93! An inorganic compound with the letter ( e.g.,1A,2A,3B, etc. isotopes potassium. Is known as a sedative and in the 16th Century, Conrad Gesner tells us ``. Did on the Visual elements alkali group of the game types of magnetometers. [ 120 ],,... Which its name from a neutral atom of this element has 19 protons chemically very tae.
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